Aggregation-induced emission-based ionic liquids for bacterial killing, imaging, cell labeling, and bacterial detection in blood cells Jie Shi a , Mengyao Wang a , Zhe Sun a , Yangyang Liu b , Jiangna Guo a , ∗ （郭江娜）, Hailei Mao b ,∗（冒海蕾） , Feng Yana,∗（严锋）
a Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
b Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
Acta Biomaterialia 97 (2019) 247--259
A series of aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-based imidazolium-type ionic liquids (ILs) were designed and synthesized for bacterial killing and imaging, cell labeling, and bacterial detection in blood cells. The AIE-based ILs showed antibacterial activities against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The carbon chain length of substitution at the N3 position of the imidazolium cations highly affects the antibacterial properties of ILs. Owing to their AIE characteristics, the ILs could selectively capture fluorescence image of dead bacteria while killing the bacteria. The fluorescence intensity varied with the concentration of bacteria, indicating that AIE-based ILs has potential as an antibacterial material and an efficient probe for bacterial viability assay. In addition, the synthesized AIE-based ILs exhibit relatively low cytotoxicity and hemolysis rate and therefore potential for cell labeling, as well as bacterial detection in blood cells.
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