Granzyme B-loaded, cell-selective penetrating and reduction-responsive polymersomes effectively inhibit progression of orthotopic human lung tumor in vivo
Weijing Yanga,1 , Yaohua Weia,b,1 , Liang Yanga , Jian Zhanga , Zhiyuan Zhonga, *（钟志远） , Gert Stormb , Fenghua Meng a, *（孟凤华）
a Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China
bDepartment of Targeted Therapeutics, MIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, PO Box 217, Enschede 7500AE, The Netherlands
1 W.J. Yang and Y.H. Wei contribute equally to this work.
Journal of Controlled Release 290 (2018) 141–149
The clinical use of protein therapeutics with intracellular targets is hampered by its in vivo fragility and low cell permeability. Here, we report that cell-selective penetrating and reduction-responsive polymersomes (CPRPs) mediate high-efficiency targeted delivery of granzyme B (GrB) to orthotopic human lung tumor in vivo. Model protein studies using FITC-labeled cytochrome C (FITC-CC) revealed efficient and high protein loading up to 17.2 wt% for CPRPs. FITC-CC-loaded CPRPs exhibited a small size of 82–90 nm, reduction-responsive protein release, as well as greatly enhanced internalization and cytoplasmic protein release in A549 lung cancer cells compared with the non-targeted FITC-CC-loaded RPs control. GrB-loaded CPRPs showed a high potency toward A549 lung cancer cells with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 20.7 nM. Under the same condition, free GrB was essentially non-toxic. Importantly, installing cell-selective penetrating peptide did not alter the circulation time but did enhance tumor accumulation of RPs. Orthotopic A549-Luc lung tumor-bearing nude mice administered with GrB-loaded CPRPs at a dosage of 2.88 nmol GrB equiv./kg showed complete tumor growth inhibition with little body weight loss throughout the treatment period, resulting in significantly improved survival rate over the non-targeted and non-treated controls. These cell-selective penetrating and reduction-responsive polymersomes provide a targeted protein therapy for cancers.
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